[child-rights] Children pay the price for lack of safe water and sanitation

UNICEF report says progress made, but more needed to prevent the deaths of
more than 1.5 million children under five each year

NEW YORK, 28 September 2006 -- More than 1.2 billion people have gained
access to safe water since 1990, according to Progress for Children: A
Report Card on Water and Sanitation, launched today by UNICEF.

The report charts progress towards Millennium Development Goal seven which
includes the target of halving the proportion of people without
sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015.
Between 1990 and 2004, global coverage of safe drinking water rose from 78
per cent to 83 per cent.

Latin America and the Caribbean and the South Asia regions will meet the
drinking water target almost ten years early.

"The progress made to date in increasing the number of people with access
to safe water has been impressive," says UNICEF Executive Director Ann M.
Veneman. "However, unsafe water and lack of basic sanitation contribute to
the deaths of an estimated 1.5 million children under five each year as a
result of diarrhoea."

Examining sanitation, the report finds that an estimated 1.2 billion
people have gained access to basic sanitation since 1990, with global
coverage rising from 49 per cent to 59 per cent. In South Asia, access to
improved sanitation more than doubled between 1990 and 2004. In East Asia
and the Pacific, the proportion of people with basic sanitation rose from
30 per cent to more than 50 per cent.

"Despite commendable progress, an estimated 425 million children under the
age of 18 still do not have access to an improved water supply and over
980 million do not have access to adequate sanitation," says Veneman.
"Clean water and sanitation are vital prerequisites for improved
nutrition, reductions in child and maternal mortality and the fight
against disease."

Water-and sanitation-related illness can affect children's school
attendance and academic performance. Girls, in particular, may be deterred
from schooling by the need to fetch and carry water for their families,
and by the lack of separate sanitation facilities.

Improved sanitation facilities could reduce diarrhoea-related diseases in
young children by more than one-third, says the report. With better
hygiene practices, such diseases could be reduced by two thirds.

While the world is on track to meet the water target, progress could be
impaired if the provision of safe water to the world's poorest communities
is not made a priority.

Sanitation is a much greater challenge. Despite significant gains, the
world is not on track to meet the MDG target for sanitation. In South
Asia, for example, two out of three people still lack basic sanitation.

The report says that the benefits of improved drinking water and
sanitation are evident and could be extended to many more of the world's
people, if only sufficient resources and resolve were dedicated to the
task.

View the full report
http://www.unicef.org/media/files/progress_for_children_no._5_-_english.pdf
(pdf)

UNICEF Press release